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| 22 | <title>Arrays (GNU C Language Manual)</title>
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| 57 | <body lang="en">
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| 58 | <span id="Arrays"></span><div class="header">
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| 59 | <p>
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| 60 | Next: <a href="Enumeration-Types.html" accesskey="n" rel="next">Enumeration Types</a>, Previous: <a href="Structures.html" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Structures</a>, Up: <a href="index.html" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Symbol-Index.html" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
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| 61 | </div>
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| 62 | <hr>
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| 63 | <span id="Arrays-1"></span><h2 class="chapter">16 Arrays</h2>
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| 64 | <span id="index-array"></span>
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| 65 | <span id="index-elements-of-arrays"></span>
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| 66 |
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| 67 | <p>An <em>array</em> is a data object that holds a series of <em>elements</em>,
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| 68 | all of the same data type. Each element is identified by its numeric
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| 69 | <var>index</var> within the array.
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| 70 | </p>
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| 71 | <p>We presented arrays of numbers in the sample programs early in this
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| 72 | manual (see <a href="Array-Example.html">Array Example</a>). However, arrays can have elements of
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| 73 | any data type, including pointers, structures, unions, and other
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| 74 | arrays.
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| 75 | </p>
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| 76 | <p>If you know another programming language, you may suppose that you know all
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| 77 | about arrays, but C arrays have special quirks, so in this chapter we
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| 78 | collect all the information about arrays in C.
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| 79 | </p>
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| 80 | <p>The elements of a C array are allocated consecutively in memory,
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| 81 | with no gaps between them. Each element is aligned as required
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| 82 | for its data type (see <a href="Type-Alignment.html">Type Alignment</a>).
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| 83 | </p>
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| 84 | <table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0">
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| 85 | <tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="Accessing-Array-Elements.html" accesskey="1">Accessing Array Elements</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">How to access individual elements of an array.
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| 86 | </td></tr>
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| 87 | <tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="Declaring-an-Array.html" accesskey="2">Declaring an Array</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">How to name and reserve space for a new array.
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| 88 | </td></tr>
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| 89 | <tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="Strings.html" accesskey="3">Strings</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">A string in C is a special case of array.
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| 90 | </td></tr>
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| 91 | <tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="Array-Type-Designators.html" accesskey="4">Array Type Designators</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Referring to a specific array type.
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| 92 | </td></tr>
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| 93 | <tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="Incomplete-Array-Types.html" accesskey="5">Incomplete Array Types</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Naming, but not allocating, a new array.
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| 94 | </td></tr>
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| 95 | <tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="Limitations-of-C-Arrays.html" accesskey="6">Limitations of C Arrays</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Arrays are not first-class objects.
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| 96 | </td></tr>
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| 97 | <tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="Multidimensional-Arrays.html" accesskey="7">Multidimensional Arrays</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Arrays of arrays.
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| 98 | </td></tr>
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| 99 | <tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="Constructing-Array-Values.html" accesskey="8">Constructing Array Values</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Assigning values to an entire array at once.
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| 100 | </td></tr>
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| 101 | <tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="Arrays-of-Variable-Length.html" accesskey="9">Arrays of Variable Length</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">Declaring arrays of non-constant size.
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| 102 | </td></tr>
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| 103 | </table>
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| 104 |
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| 106 | <div class="header">
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| 107 | <p>
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| 108 | Next: <a href="Enumeration-Types.html" accesskey="n" rel="next">Enumeration Types</a>, Previous: <a href="Structures.html" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Structures</a>, Up: <a href="index.html" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Symbol-Index.html" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
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